नमस्कार मित्रांनो इयत्ता बारावी Biology या Subject च्या Practical मध्ये आपण Biology Project: Collect the information of different avenue trees and their importance ह्या Project ची माहिती पाहणार आहोत. प्रोजेक्टमध्ये गरजेचे असणारे छायचित्र तुम्हांला पुढील लिंक वर क्लीक केल्यावर मिळतील. क्लिक करा
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Importance of Avenue Trees
Title :- Collect the information of different avenues trees and their importance.
Aim: The project aims to study Various types of Avenue trees and collects the information of different types of Avenue trees and their Importance.
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Introduction : Avenue trees play a crucial role in urban areas, serving multiple purposes such as providing shade, stabilizing the climate, absorbing heat, and enhancing the aesthetic appeal of surroundings. These trees contribute significantly to maintaining greenery and improving the quality of air we breathe, emphasizing the importance of tree plantation in urban landscapes.
Avenue trees not only beautify roadsides and pavements but also fulfill essential ecological functions. They produce oxygen through photosynthesis, a process that sustains life for both humans and animals. Additionally, these trees are often used as ornamental plants, enriching the environment and offering visual delight.
In designed landscapes, avenues of trees are among the most impactful and important structural plantings, creating a harmonious blend of utility and beauty.
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| Peltophorum pterocarpum (Gulmohar Tree) |
Plant Height: Recommended height is 6–8 feet.
Plant Spread: Suggested spread is 4–6 inches.
Sunlight Requirement: Requires full sun to partial sunlight.
Soil Type: Grows best in well-drained soil.
Scientific Name: Peltophorum pterocarpum
Higher Classification: Peltophorum
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Importance of Gulmohar Tree:
1. Ornamental Value: The Gulmohar tree is widely cultivated for its stunning aesthetic appeal, making it a popular choice in landscaping. Its vibrant orange-red flowers and lush foliage add a unique charm to any environment.
2. Urban Use: Commonly planted along roadsides and pavements, the tree provides excellent shade and has a delicate aroma, enhancing the beauty and comfort of urban spaces.
3. Cultural Significance: In Kerala, the Gulmohar tree is considered sacred, and it holds cultural importance as the city flower of Selangor and Malaysia.
4. Industrial Applications: The tree produces a thick, water-soluble gum, which is used as a binding agent in tablet manufacturing and as a stabilizer in the textile industry.
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| Azadirachta indica (Neem Tree) |
Scientific Name: Azadirachta indica
Family: Meliaceae
Order: Sapindales
Importance of Neem Tree:
1. Medicinal Uses: Neem leaves are widely used in traditional medicine to treat various conditions, including leprosy, eye disorders, nasal bleeding, intestinal worms, stomach upset, loss of appetite, skin ulcers, heart and blood vessel diseases, fever, diabetes, gum diseases, and liver problems.
2. Reproductive Health: Neem leaves have been used in some traditional practices for birth control and inducing abortions.
3. Urban Presence: The neem tree is commonly found along roadsides and pavements, providing shade and ecological benefits.
4. Topical Applications: Neem leaves and extracts are applied directly to the skin to treat wounds, skin ulcers, and soften the skin. They are also used as a natural mosquito repellent.
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| Alstonia scholaris (Blackboard Tree) |
Scientific Name: Alstonia scholaris
Family: Apocynaceae
Order: Gentianales
Higher Classification: Alstonia
Special Features
In Ayurveda, Alstonia scholaris is valued as an astringent herb with medicinal properties. It is used to treat various conditions, including skin disorders, malarial fever, urticaria, chronic dysentery, diarrhea, and snake bites. Additionally, it plays a role in the purification process during Panchakarma therapy.
Uses of Alstonia scholaris
1. Ornamental Use: Commonly used as an ornamental plant for its aesthetic appeal.
2. Medicinal Uses:
• Treats bowel complaints, abdominal pain, fever, and irregular menstruation. Effective for chronic diarrhea and advanced stages of dysentery.
• A decoction is used as a gargle and for treating diseases.
• The bark is used for asthma, heart disease, chronic ulcers, and other ailments.
• Powdered bark mixed with ginger is traditionally given to new mothers on the first day after childbirth to cleanse the body and promote lactation.
• The bark, sap, and leaves are used to treat weakness, paralysis, sores, aches, pains, gastric problems, and dysentery.
• Green or dried leaves are used in poultices to stimulate lactation and are applied to wounds for healing.
• Tender leaves, when wilted over heat, are crushed and applied to infected sores to accelerate healing.
• Found beneficial in restoring stomach tone and general health during recovery from fever or other exhausting illnesses.
3. Culinary Use: The latex is used as a good-quality chewing gum.
4. Industrial Use: Commonly used in making packing boxes, blackboards, and other wood-based products.
5. Traditional Importance: Milky latex from the bark has recognized medicinal properties and is used for treating various ailments.
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| Saraca asoca (Ashoka Tree) |
Scientific Name: Saraca asoca
Family: Fabaceae
Order: Fabales
Higher Classification: Saraca
Importance:
The Saraca asoca tree holds significant medicinal value and is widely used in traditional medicine:
1. Gynecological Health: Effective in treating menstrual disorders, gynecological problems, and internal bleeding.
2. Digestive and Pain Relief: Helps in managing abdominal pain, spasms, and joint pain.
3. Skin and Blood Purification: Beneficial in curing skin burns, fungal infections, and allergies, as well as purifying the blood.
4. Chronic Conditions: Used for controlling diabetes, treating piles, and reducing kidney stones.
5. Infections and Other Ailments: Useful in curing diarrhea, worm infections, and other related conditions.
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| Cascabela thevetia (Yellow Oleander) |
Scientific Name: Cascabela thevetia
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Species: C. thevetia
Importance:
1. Ornamental Use: Cascabela thevetia is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant, appreciated for its striking appearance.
2. Medicinal Uses: The leaves and flowers are used in traditional medicine to treat malaria and as a remedy for various ailments.
3. Reproductive Health: It is believed to induce the termination of an embryo in certain cultural practices.
4. External Remedy: The powdered root is used externally to treat hemorrhoids and as a remedy for other skin ailments.
5. Pest Control: The bark is used as an insecticide, rat poison, and to treat parasitic infections.
6. Landscaping: This shrub is commonly planted along roadsides and in gardens for decorative purposes.
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| Cassia fistula (Golden Shower Tree) |
Scientific Name: Cassia fistula
Family: Fabaceae
Order: Fabales
Species: C. fistula
Importance:
1. Dietary Use: In India, the flowers of the golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) are sometimes consumed by people. The leaves are also used to supplement the diets of cattle, sheep, and goats, especially when they are fed low-quality forage.
2. Medicinal Use: In Ayurvedic medicine, the golden shower tree is known as Aragvadha, meaning "disease killer." The tree's fruit pulp is sometimes added to tobacco to enhance its effects.
3. Purgative Properties: The fruit pulp is known for its purgative effects. However, self-medication or use without medical supervision is strongly discouraged, as mentioned in Ayurvedic texts.
4. Modern Use: Although the tree has been used for millennia in traditional herbalism, modern research has explored its potential. It is now a known ingredient in some commercial herbal laxatives, commonly referred to as "Cassia pods."
Uses of Cassia fistula (Golden Shower Tree)
1. Bark: In Ayurveda, the bark of Cassia fistula (Aragvadha) is applied externally for treating inflammatory swellings, ulcers, and wounds. It is believed to help reduce purulent discharge and acts as a local antiseptic.
2. Fruit: The fruit pulp is used to relieve joint pain, migraine, chest pain, and blood dysentery. It is also used as a laxative.
3. Medicinal Applications: The root of Cassia fistula is beneficial in treating fever, heart disease, retained excretion, and biliousness.
4. Cardiac and Digestive Health: The tree is used to manage cardiac disorders, biliousness, rheumatic conditions, hemorrhages, wounds, ulcers, and various skin diseases.
5. Aesthetic Value: Cassia fistula is admired for its striking beauty when in full bloom. It is perfect for small spaces as it is an ornamental tree with a fast-growing habit, featuring tiny leaves and a salt-tolerant, evergreen nature.
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| Aegle marmelos (Bael Tree) |
Scientific Name: Aegle marmelos
Family: Rutaceae
Order: Sapindales
Species: A. marmelos
Genus: Aegle
Importance and Uses
1. Fruit Consumption: The fruit of Aegle marmelos (Bael) can be eaten fresh from the tree or dried. It is commonly processed into candies, toffee, pulp powder, or nectar. The fresh juice, when strained and sweetened, is made into a drink similar to lemonade and is also used to prepare a beverage called Bela Pana (a type of sharbat). In Odisha, Bela Pana is made with fresh cheese and ice.
2. Fruit Preparation: A large fruit can yield five or six servings when dried. To dry, it is sliced and sun-dried.
3. Leaves and Shoots: The small leaves and shoots are eaten as salad greens.
4. Culinary Use: Bael fruit pulp is used to prepare delicacies such as murabba, puddings, and juices.
5. Medicinal Use: The unripe fruit, root, leaf, and branches of Aegle marmelos are used in traditional medicine for various health conditions. However, scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited. It is commonly used to treat constipation, diarrhea, diabetes, and other ailments.
6. Religious and Cultural Significance: Bael holds significant religious importance in Hinduism and is mentioned in various Hindu scriptures.
7. Nutritional Value: Bael is rich in nutrients, including vitamins A, B, C, E, and various minerals such as calcium, potassium, and iron. The plant contains compounds that are beneficial in treating tuberculosis and hepatitis. It is also a good source of tannins, which help in treating cholera.
8. Ornamental Use: Aegle marmelos is also used as an ornamental plant, often found along roadsides and pavements.
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| Sesbania grandiflora (Agati Tree) |
Scientific Name: Sesbania grandiflora
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Sesbania
Species: S. grandiflora
Order: Fabales
Importance and Uses
1. Medicinal Uses: The leaves of Sesbania grandiflora, along with other ingredients, are used in Nasya treatment, which helps reduce inflammation and excess kapha, and can alleviate conditions like headaches, coughs, and sinus congestion. Fried leaves in ghee are used to treat eye diseases, as ghee is rich in Vitamin A and helps in improving vision.
2. Edible Uses: The flower, seedpods, young leaves, and shoots are edible. The seedpods can be fermented, eaten raw, or cooked. The seeds produce a clear gum that can be used as a substitute for gum arabic. The long, narrow pods are boiled and eaten like string beans, and the protein-rich seeds are fermented into tempeh.
3. Health Benefits: The plant is used to treat various ailments, including sprains, bruises, swellings, rheumatism, itching, diarrhea, dysentery, fever, sinus congestion, and malaria. The leaves are known for their appetite (laxative) and diuretic properties. Crushed leaves are applied as a poultice to treat sprains, bruises, swellings, rheumatism, and itching.
Tea made from the leaves is believed to have antibiotic, anthelmintic, antitumor, and contraceptive properties.
4. Wood and Other Uses: The soft, light wood is used as poles, in fishing, as fuel, and for making charcoal. The plant is also a major source of pulp for paper making.
5. Cultural and Ornamental Use: Sesbania grandiflora is commonly found along roadsides and pavements. The white flowers of the plant are highly preferred and often stored for various uses.
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| Ficus thonningii (Forest Fig Tree) |
Scientific Name: Ficus thonningii
Family: Moraceae
Order: Rosales
Genus: Ficus
Importance:
Ficus thonningii has diverse economic and environmental significance, particularly for farming communities and pastoral groups in Africa.
This species is commonly found along roadsides and pavements.
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| Khaya anthotheca (African Mahogany) |
Scientific Name: Khaya anthotheca
Family: Meliaceae
Higher Classification: Khaya
Importance:
• Khaya anthotheca is commonly used in the production of furniture, flooring, paneling, and boat building, as well as for making musical instruments.
• The tree is highly suitable for these projects due to its bark, which weathers well, is resistant to borers and termites, and is also durable against fungal decay. It is tough yet easy to saw.
• Preliminary tests have confirmed that the bark has potential as an anti-anemic agent.
Result :-
| Avenue Trees | Importances |
|---|---|
| Gulmohar | It is the city flower of Salangor. |
| Neem | Apply neem directly to treat skin diseases. |
| Dita | It has uses as an aphrodisiac. |
| Ashok | The tree is beneficial in curing fungal infections. |
| Kaner | It is used as ornamental. |
| Golden shower | It is used as Ayurvedic medicine. |
| Bael | Bael is loaded with a myriad of nutrients. |
| Hummingbird | It is a major source of pulp for making paper. |
| Ficus thanningii | It is found mostly outside of the road pavements. |
| Khaya anthatheca | It is used for musical instruments. |
Conclusion :-
The central conclusion of the analysis is that the trees planted in the ground play a significant role in shaping the future of forest plantations. Their growth and sustainability will be crucial for providing wood resources for the coming decades.
